Java Programming — MCQ Practice Questions & Answers

Question 1

Which annotation is used to mark a class as a Spring Bean in the latest Spring Framework?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. @Component — @Component is a generic stereotype annotation for any Spring-managed component. @Bean is used on methods, while @Service and @Controller are specialized versions of @Component.

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A. @Bean

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C. @Service

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D. @Controller

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of Dependency Injection (DI) in Spring Framework?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. To reduce coupling between classes and improve testability — DI reduces coupling by injecting dependencies rather than creating them internally, making code more testable and maintainable.

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A. To increase code complexity

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C. To replace all design patterns

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D. To automatically generate SQL queries

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a valid Spring bean scope in Spring 5.x+?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: D. eternal — Valid scopes are singleton, prototype, request, session, application, and websocket. 'eternal' is not a valid scope.

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A. singleton

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B. prototype

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C. request

Question 4

What does @Autowired annotation do in Spring?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. Automatically injects dependencies by type — @Autowired performs type-based dependency injection. Spring looks for a bean of the required type and injects it automatically.

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B. Creates a new bean instance

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C. Marks a class as deprecated

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D. Enables auto-scanning of packages

Question 5

Which XML element is used to define a bean in Spring XML configuration?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B.  — The element is the standard XML element used in applicationContext.xml to define Spring beans.

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A.

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C.

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D.

Question 6

In Spring Framework, what is the primary purpose of the @Autowired annotation?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. To automatically inject dependent beans into a class — @Autowired is used for dependency injection, allowing Spring to automatically resolve and inject bean dependencies without explicit configuration.

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B. To define a new bean in the Spring container

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C. To configure database connections

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D. To enable component scanning

Question 7

Which of the following correctly describes the lifecycle of a singleton-scoped Spring bean?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. Created once when the ApplicationContext is initialized and persists throughout the application lifetime — Singleton beans are instantiated once per Spring container and reused for the application's lifetime, making them memory-efficient for stateless objects.

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A. Created once per HTTP request and destroyed after the request completes

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C. Created every time it is referenced and destroyed immediately after use

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D. Created in a separate thread context and shared across multiple threads

Question 8

What is the difference between @Component and @Service annotations in Spring?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. @Component is generic, while @Service is semantically used for business logic classes — @Component is a generic stereotype, while @Service is a specialized annotation indicating the class contains business logic, improving code readability.

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B. @Service provides additional database transaction management capabilities

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C. @Component requires manual bean registration, while @Service auto-registers

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D. There is no functional difference; they are completely interchangeable

Java Programming - MCQ Practice Questions