NEET Botany — MCQ Practice Questions & Answers

Question 1

Which of the following is the most commonly used vector for plant genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the natural genetic engineer of plants. Its Ti plasmid is widely used for transferring foreign DNA into plant cells.

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B. Escherichia coli

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C. Bacillus subtilis

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D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 2

What is the full form of ELISA in the context of plant biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay — ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is a technique used to detect pathogens and transgenes in plants.

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B. Enzyme-Linked Immunological System Analysis

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C. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorption Assay

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D. Enzyme-Linked Immunosignal Assessment

Question 3

Bt cotton is transgenic cotton resistant to which pest?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. Bollworm — Bt cotton produces Cry1Ac protein from Bacillus thuringiensis that provides resistance against the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera).

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A. Armyworm

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C. Leafhopper

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D. Jassid

Question 4

Which enzyme is used to cut DNA at specific recognition sequences during genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. Restriction endonuclease — Restriction endonucleases (restriction enzymes) recognize and cut DNA at specific palindromic sequences, essential for cloning.

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A. DNA polymerase

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C. Ligase

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D. Primase

Question 5

What is the role of selectable markers in plant genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. To identify transformed plant cells — Selectable markers (like antibiotic resistance genes) help identify and select successfully transformed plant cells from non-transformed ones.

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B. To enhance photosynthesis

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C. To increase yield

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D. To improve taste

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a genetically modified crop approved in India as of 2024?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. Bt Cotton — Bt Cotton is the only GM crop commercially cultivated and approved in India since 2002, with extensive adoption across states.

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A. Bt Soybean

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C. Bt Wheat

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D. Bt Tomato

NEET Botany - MCQ Practice Questions