Quantitative Aptitude — MCQ Practice Questions & Answers

Question 1

A shopkeeper sold two items. Item A was sold at 15% profit and Item B at 10% loss. If the cost price of Item A is ₹4,000 and that of Item B is ₹6,000, and he wants an overall profit of 5%, what should be the selling price of Item B instead?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. 5900 — **To find the required selling price, we need to work backwards from the desired overall profit.** Step 1: **Calculate Selling Price of Item A** Item A is sold at 15% profit on its cost price of ₹4,000. 	ext{Selling Price of A} = 	ext{Cost Price} + 	ext{Profit} = 4000 + (4000 	imes \frac{15}{100}) = 4000 + 600 = ₹4,600 Step 2: **Calculate Total Cost Price and Required Total Selling Price** The total cost price of both items combined is the sum of individual cost prices. 	ext{Total Cost Price} = 4000 + 6000 = ₹10,000 For an overall profit of 5%, the total selling price should be: 	ext{Total Selling Price} = 10000 + (10000 	imes \frac{5}{100}) = 10000 + 500 = ₹10,500 Step 3: **Find Required Selling Price of Item B** Since Total Selling Price = Selling Price of A + Selling Price of B: 	ext{Selling Price of B} = 10500 - 4600 = ₹5,900 **The selling price of Item B should be ₹5,900.** Cost price of Item A =₹4,000 Sold at 15% profit: SP A ​ =4000+15% of 4000 =4000+600=₹4600 Cost price of Item B =₹6,000 Total cost price: 4000+6000=₹10,000 For an overall prof

Answer

A. ₹6,300

Answer

C. ₹6,900

Answer

D. ₹7,200

Question 2

A trader buys mangoes at ₹8 per kg and sells them at ₹12 per kg. What is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. 50% — Step 1: Identify Cost Price and Selling Price Cost Price (CP) = ₹8 per kg and Selling Price (SP) = ₹12 per kg 	ext{CP} = ₹8, \quad 	ext{SP} = ₹12 Step 2: Calculate Profit Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price 	ext{Profit} = ₹12 - ₹8 = ₹4 Step 3: Calculate Profit Percentage Profit percentage is calculated as profit divided by cost price, multiplied by 100 	ext{Profit\%} = \frac{	ext{Profit}}{	ext{Cost Price}} 	imes 100 = \frac{4}{8} 	imes 100 = \frac{1}{2} 	imes 100 = 50\% **The trader's profit percentage is 50%.**

Answer

A. 40%

Answer

C. 60%

Answer

D. 45%

Question 3

If an article is purchased for ₹450 and sold at a loss of 8%, what is the selling price?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. ₹414 — Step 1: Identify the given information Cost Price (CP) = ₹450 and Loss = 8% 	ext{Given: CP} = ₹450, 	ext{ Loss} = 8\% Step 2: Calculate the loss amount Loss amount = 8% of Cost Price 	ext{Loss amount} = \frac{8}{100} 	imes 450 = 0.08 	imes 450 = ₹36 Step 3: Calculate the selling price Selling Price = Cost Price − Loss amount 	ext{SP} = 450 - 36 = ₹414 **The selling price of the article is ₹414.**

Answer

B. ₹418

Answer

C. ₹420

Answer

D. ₹422

Question 4

A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹500 and gives a discount of 20%. If he still makes a profit of 25%, what was the cost price?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. ₹320 — Step 1: Calculate the Selling Price after discount The marked price is ₹500 and discount is 20%. 	ext{Selling Price} = 500 - (20\% 	ext{ of } 500) = 500 - \frac{20}{100} 	imes 500 = 500 - 100 = ₹400 Step 2: Use the profit formula to find Cost Price The shopkeeper makes a profit of 25%, which means Selling Price is 125% of Cost Price. 	ext{Selling Price} = 	ext{Cost Price} 	imes \left(1 + \frac{	ext{Profit\%}}{100}ight) 400 = 	ext{Cost Price} 	imes \left(1 + \frac{25}{100}ight) 400 = 	ext{Cost Price} 	imes 1.25 Step 3: Solve for Cost Price 	ext{Cost Price} = \frac{400}{1.25} = \frac{400}{\frac{5}{4}} = 400 	imes \frac{4}{5} = \frac{1600}{5} = ₹320 **The cost price of the article is ₹320.**

Answer

A. ₹315

Answer

C. ₹325

Answer

D. ₹330

Question 5

A merchant sold two items for ₹2,000 each. On one item he made 25% profit and on the other he made 25% loss. What is his overall profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. 6.25% loss — Step 1: Find the Cost Price of the first item (25% profit) If selling price is ₹2,000 with 25% profit, then SP = CP × 1.25 2000 = CP_1 	imes 1.25 CP_1 = \frac{2000}{1.25} = \frac{2000}{\frac{5}{4}} = 2000 	imes \frac{4}{5} = 1600 Step 2: Find the Cost Price of the second item (25% loss) If selling price is ₹2,000 with 25% loss, then SP = CP × 0.75 2000 = CP_2 	imes 0.75 CP_2 = \frac{2000}{0.75} = \frac{2000}{\frac{3}{4}} = 2000 	imes \frac{4}{3} = 2666.67 Step 3: Calculate overall profit or loss percentage Total Cost Price = ₹1,600 + ₹2,666.67 = ₹4,266.67 Total Selling Price = ₹2,000 + ₹2,000 = ₹4,000 	ext{Loss} = CP - SP = 4266.67 - 4000 = 266.67 	ext{Loss\%} = \frac{	ext{Loss}}{	ext{Total CP}} 	imes 100 = \frac{266.67}{4266.67} 	imes 100 = 6.25\% **The merchant made an overall loss of 6.

Answer

A. 6.25% profit

Answer

C. No profit, no loss

Answer

D. 5% loss

Question 6

A retailer buys notebooks at ₹40 each and sells them at ₹50 each. How many notebooks must he sell to make a profit of ₹600?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. 60 — Step 1: Find profit per notebook The retailer buys at ₹40 and sells at ₹50, so profit on each notebook is the difference. 	ext{Profit per notebook} = 50 - 40 = ₹10 Step 2: Set up equation for total profit Let the number of notebooks sold be x. The total profit equals profit per notebook multiplied by number of notebooks. 	ext{Total Profit} = 	ext{Profit per notebook} 	imes 	ext{Number of notebooks} 600 = 10 	imes x Step 3: Solve for number of notebooks Divide both sides by 10 to find x. x = \frac{600}{10} = 60 **The retailer must sell 60 notebooks to make a profit of ₹600.**

Answer

A. 55

Answer

C. 65

Answer

D. 70

Question 7

An item was sold for ₹1,200 at a loss of 20%. At what price should it be sold to make a profit of 20%?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. ₹1,800 — Step 1: SP at 20% loss = ₹1200, so CP = 1200/0.80 = ₹1500. Step 2: For 20% profit: New SP = CP × (1 + 20/100) = 1500 × 1.20 = ₹1800. So option B is correct.

Answer

A. ₹1,750

Answer

C. ₹1,850

Answer

D. ₹1,900

Question 8

A wholesaler sells goods to a retailer at 30% discount on marked price. The retailer marks them at 20% above the cost price and gives a discount of 10%. If the marked price is ₹1,000, what is the final selling price?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. ₹756 — Step 1: Marked Price = ₹1000. Wholesaler's SP (Retailer's CP) = 1000 × (1 - 0.30) = ₹700. Step 2: Retailer marks at 20% above CP: New MP = 700 × 1.20 = ₹840. Step 3: Retailer gives 10% discount: Final SP = 840 × 0.90 = ₹756. So option A is correct.

Answer

B. ₹762

Answer

C. ₹770

Answer

D. ₹748

Quantitative Aptitude - MCQ Practice Questions