Microbiology - MCQ Practice Questions

What is the primary mode of replication in bacteriophages?

Influenza virus belongs to which family?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viruses?

What is the function of bacterial flagella in chemotaxis?

Which antibiotic targets bacterial cell wall synthesis?

The envelope of enveloped viruses is derived from which structure?

In bacterial conjugation, the F+ plasmid encodes which structure for DNA transfer?

Which bacterial genus is primarily responsible for dental caries?

Which technique involves the use of restriction enzymes to cut bacterial DNA at specific sites?

A patient presents with severe respiratory infection. Gram-staining reveals gram-negative rods that are oxidase-positive and motile. Which organism is most likely responsible?

A laboratory identifies a virus with positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. Which process can this virus directly initiate without viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase?

A researcher observes that a bacterial strain previously sensitive to penicillin now survives treatment. Analysis shows increased production of beta-lactamase. This exemplifies which mechanism of antibiotic resistance?

In a clinical sample, Mycobacterium tuberculosis appears as acid-fast positive. This property is due to which cell wall component?

Which bacterial flagellar protein is the primary target of monoclonal antibodies used in serological identification?

In viral replication, which process involves the insertion of viral DNA into host chromosomes, as seen in retroviruses?

A patient with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection shows biofilm formation. Which virulence factor primarily enables this?

In SARS-CoV-2, which structural protein is responsible for membrane fusion and is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies?

Which bacterial genus requires X factor (hemin) and V factor (NAD) for growth, making it fastidious?

A patient presents with community-acquired pneumonia. Culture on MacConkey agar shows non-fermentative, oxidase-positive colonies. Which organism is most likely?

In viral pathogenesis, which mechanism allows RNA viruses like influenza to evade host immune response?