NEET Botany — MCQ Practice Questions & Answers

Question 1

Which of the following is the primary source of energy for all ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. Solar radiation — Solar radiation is the ultimate source of energy for all ecosystems. Plants capture this energy through photosynthesis, which forms the base of all food chains.

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B. Geothermal energy

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C. Chemical energy from soil

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D. Tidal energy

Question 2

What is the approximate percentage of solar energy fixed by plants during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. 1-5% — Only 1-5% of incident solar radiation is actually fixed by plants through photosynthesis. The rest is either reflected or absorbed as heat.

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B. 10-15%

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C. 20-25%

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D. 50-60%

Question 3

Which type of succession occurs on bare rock or newly formed volcanic islands?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. Primary succession — Primary succession occurs on areas with no pre-existing soil, such as bare rock or new volcanic islands. Pioneer species like lichens initiate the process.

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A. Secondary succession

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C. Tertiary succession

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D. Cyclic succession

Question 4

Which organism is considered a pioneer species in primary succession?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. Lichens — Lichens are classic pioneer species in primary succession as they can colonize bare rock, secrete acids to break it down, and create conditions for soil formation.

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A. Oak trees

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C. Grasses

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D. Shrubs

Question 5

Which of the following biomes receives the least amount of rainfall annually?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: C. Desert — Deserts receive less than 25 cm (10 inches) of rainfall annually, making them the driest biomes on Earth.

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A. Tropical rainforest

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B. Temperate grassland

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D. Taiga

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: C. Solar energy — Solar energy is a renewable resource that can be naturally replenished. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are non-renewable fossil fuels.

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A. Coal

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B. Petroleum

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D. Natural gas

Question 7

Which gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect and climate change?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: C. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) — Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the primary greenhouse gas responsible for global warming, accounting for about 75% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.

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A. Nitrogen (N₂)

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B. Oxygen (O₂)

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D. Helium (He)

Question 8

A predator-prey relationship demonstrates which type of ecological interaction?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: D. Predation — Predation is an ecological interaction where one organism (predator) hunts and consumes another (prey) for energy and nutrients.

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A. Mutualism

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B. Parasitism

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C. Competition

NEET Botany - MCQ Practice Questions