NEET Zoology — MCQ Practice Questions & Answers

Question 1

Which enzyme is used to cut DNA at specific recognition sequences in genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. Restriction endonuclease — Restriction endonucleases recognize and cut DNA at specific palindromic sequences, producing sticky or blunt ends used in cloning.

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B. DNA ligase

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C. DNA polymerase

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D. Helicase

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of using plasmids in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. As vectors for introducing foreign genes into host cells — Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules used as vectors to carry and transfer foreign genes into host cells during genetic engineering.

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A. To store genetic information in prokaryotes

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C. To produce antibodies in animals

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D. To facilitate photosynthesis

Question 3

Which of the following is a transgenic organism?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. Bt cotton — Bt cotton contains foreign genes from Bacillus thuringiensis, making it a true transgenic organism. Others are produced by conventional breeding or mutation.

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B. Hybrid wheat

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C. Polyploid watermelon

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D. Mutant rice produced by irradiation

Question 4

What does PCR stand for?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. Polymerase Chain Reaction — PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a molecular technique for amplifying specific DNA sequences through repeated cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension.

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B. Protein Coding Region

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C. Plasmid Cloning Replication

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D. Primary Cell Recognition

Question 5

In recombinant DNA technology, what is the function of DNA ligase?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. To join DNA fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds — DNA ligase catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides, joining DNA fragments together during cloning.

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A. To cut DNA at specific sites

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C. To denature double-stranded DNA

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D. To synthesize new DNA strands

Question 6

Golden Rice is enriched with which micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: C. Beta-carotene (Vitamin A precursor) — Golden Rice is genetically modified to produce beta-carotene (provitamin A), addressing vitamin A deficiency in developing countries.

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A. Iron

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B. Iodine

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D. Calcium

Question 7

Which technique is used to identify and isolate specific clones from a genomic library?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A. Southern blotting — Southern blotting uses labeled probes to identify specific DNA sequences in clones, allowing isolation of desired clones from genomic libraries.

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B. DNA sequencing

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C. Gel electrophoresis

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D. Northern blotting

Question 8

What is the advantage of using CRISPR-Cas9 over traditional gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

Correct answer: B. It is faster, more precise, and more efficient — CRISPR-Cas9 is faster, cheaper, and more precise than traditional gene editing methods like zinc finger nucleases or TALENs.

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A. It is more expensive

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C. It only works in prokaryotes

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D. It cannot edit genes

NEET Zoology - MCQ Practice Questions